Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Richard M. Karceski
Towson, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 55 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense and White Collar Crime
University of Baltimore School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Shayan Modarres
Washington, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 12 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Civil Rights, Criminal Defense and Personal Injury
Florida A&M University College of Law and American University
Shayan Modarres is an experienced trial attorney, civil rights activist, and the founder and managing member of The Modarres Law Firm. With law offices in Florida and Maryland, The Modarres Law Firm focuses primarily on civil rights litigation. Over the course of his career as a civil rights attorney in Central Florida, Mr. Modarres has represented clients in a number of high-profile cases and successfully recovered large settlements for victims of police misconduct. Most notably, Mr. Modarres served as a member of the legal team that represented the family of Trayvon Martin. Inspired by his work as a...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileResponsive Law
Raymond Carignan
Ellicott City, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 37 years of experience
(410) 703-2703
10176 Baltimore National Pike
Suite 202
Ellicott City, MD 21042
DUI & DWI, Animal, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
University of Baltimore School of Law
My name is Raymond Carignan, and I am an experienced personal injury and civil trial attorney. Since being admitted to the bar in 1985, I have handled over 8,000 cases within state and federal courts in Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia as well as the U. S. Supreme Court.
My current practice consists chiefly of winning financial compensation for individuals who have been involved in accidents or have suffered other personal injuries. Having spent the last few decades aggressively pursuing insurance companies and those responsible for personal damages, I have the experience and knowledge necessary to assure...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Justin Esworthy
Towson, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 18 years of experience
215 Washington Ave.
Towson, MD 21204
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Traffic Tickets and White Collar Crime
Tulane University School of Law
Justin W. Esworthy is the founding Member of Esworthy Law, LLC with extensive litigation experience, having tried over one thousand cases throughout the State of Maryland, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the Commonwealth of Virginia. Justin has obtained favorable results for both civil and criminal clients through both pre-suit representation as well as trial victories. Prior to law school, Justin studied in Buenos Aires, Argentina and obtained his B.B.A from Hofstra University. He earned his J.D. from Tulane University Law School and then began his law career in the courtroom as an Assistant Public Defender representing clients on charges...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Thomas George Harrison
Bel Air, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 27 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Bankruptcy, Criminal Defense and Divorce
Villa Julie College and Widener University Delaware School of Law
Graduate of Villa Julie College (now Stevenson University) in 1992 with a Bachelor of Science degree in pre-law/paralegal studies. Graduated from Widener University of Law in Wilmington, Delaware in 1995.
Admitted to the MD Bar and Fed. Bar for the U.S Federal Court for the District of MD in 1996. Employed as an associate attorney with the firm of Charles E. Chlan & Assoc. from 1988 until 2002. In 2002, left the firm and founded the firm of Law Offices of Thomas G. Harrison in Bel Air, MD.
Primary areas of concentration are in family law, including divorce,...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Ryan Posey
Waldorf, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 10 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI and Criminal Defense
University of Baltimore School of Law
Experienced attorney with a concentration in criminal law, personal injury and workers compensation cases. Has litigated cases ranging from simple traffic misdemeanors to serious felonies. Has represented clients throughout Southern Maryland in Charles, Calvert and St. Mary's Counties. Born and raised in Charles County, currently resides in hometown of La Plata, Maryland.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
William C. Fanning, Jr.
La Plata, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 33 years of experience
(301) 934-3620
FANNING LAW, LLC
201 Centennial Street, Suite 2-A
La Plata, MD 20646
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Family and Personal Injury
The Catholic University of America Columbus School of Law
Attorney Bill Fanning has focused on family law in Maryland since 1993. He and the staff of Fanning Law, LLC understand the complexities associated with separation, divorce, custody, visitation, and other family law matters and will successfully help you and your family through these difficult issues. With over 20 years of experience handling family disputes, Bill Fanning has an in-depth understanding of the legal and emotional issues which affect you and your family. Looking to grow your family through adoption? Fanning Law, LLC can ably assist you and your family through the adoption process...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Benjamin Herbst
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 17 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Juvenile and Personal Injury
University of Miami School of Law
Benjamin is licensed to practice in all Maryland state and federal jurisdictions, and accepts cases in every county and in Baltimore City. He has represented well over 1,000 clients in personal injury cases such as car accidents and criminal cases ranging from DUI to murder. Benjamin has extensive jury trial experience, and has secured large settlements and verdicts at trial for traffic, drug felonies and violent crimes punishable by life in prison. Benjamin will take on insurance companies and government prosecutors in any type of case including auto accidents, pedestrian accidents, drug crimes, firearm offenses, theft, assault,...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jonathan Scott Smith
Columbia, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 44 years of experience
(410) 740-0101
10490 Little Patuxent Parkway
Ste 200
Columbia, MD 21044
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Domestic Violence and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
Top rated former prosecutor with over 30 years experience aggressively fighting for people and achieving successful results. Many satisfied clients. Call now (410) 740-0101.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
William A. Stavros
Centreville, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 27 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Admitted to the Maryland Bar in 1996, William A. Stavros has over twenty years of courtroom trial experience and has represented thousands of people in court. He practices in both the State and Federal Courts and is dedicated to protecting the rights and interests of his clients through aggressive and personalized representation. Along with criminal, DUI/DWI and serious traffic matters, Mr. Stavros also accepts personal injury, legal and medical malpractice cases.
William A. Stavros graduated magna cum laude from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in 1989 with a B.A. in Philosophy. After serving as an intern for Judge John N....
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Bruce Michael Robinson
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 32 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Medical Malpractice and Personal Injury
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Rick Piereck
Prince Frederick, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 11 years of experience
(443) 684-2165
65 Duke Street, Suite 204
PO Box 12
Prince Frederick, MD 20678-0012
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
American University
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
John Joseph Pikulski IV
Upper Marlboro, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 19 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense and Traffic Tickets
Pennsylvania State University - Dickinson School of Law
Being charged with a criminal offense can be a terrifying and intimidating experience for both you and your family. I am here to help. Whether you are facing jail time, probation or significant fines, I will guide you through the criminal justice system and develop an individualized defense strategy designed to help achieve your specific goals.
I am the only lawyer at my firm, meaning I will personally handle every aspect of your case from start to finish. When you visit my office, you will always meet with me, no one else. Similarly, when you have questions, I will answer...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Phillip J. Closius
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 48 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Appeals, Criminal Defense and Personal Injury
Columbia University
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Jennifer M. Alexander
Annapolis, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 23 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Appeals, Criminal Defense and Insurance Defense
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Ms. Alexander is an experienced criminal and civil trial attorney who has tried hundreds of criminal and civil cases in her career, in both state and federal courts. In addition, Ms. Alexander also defends international and national retailers and businesses throughout Maryland. Jennifer previously spent six years working as an Assistant State’s Attorney at the Anne Arundel County State’s Attorney’s Office. While a prosecutor, Ms. Alexander was a member of the Violent Crimes Trial Team, and regularly prosecuted high profile violent crimes. In addition, Jennifer has helped train numerous police officers and agencies across the State of Maryland on various...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael L. Adams
Upper Marlboro, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 11 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Medical Malpractice and Personal Injury
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Michael L. Adams is an associate at the law firm of Sasscer, Clagett & Bucher. He concentrates his practice in the areas of criminal defense, DUI/DWI Defense, medical malpractice, personal injury, premises liability, juvenile law and insurance defense.
Michael is a 2009 graduate of the University of St. Andrews. He received a full tuition academic scholarship to attend the Scottish University. He received his Juris Doctorate from the University of Maryland, Francis King Carey School of Law in 2012.
Prior to joining Sasscer, Clagett and Bucher, Michael served as law clerk to the Honorable Leo E. Green, Jr. of...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Creston P. Smith
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 30 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Appeals, Criminal Defense and White Collar Crime
University of Baltimore
Mr. Smith is a seasoned trial attorney who has represented thousands of clients in State and Federal Court. Prior to his association with Silverman Thompson, Mr. Smith served as an Assistant Public Defender, Baltimore City, on the felony trial team. He was also an Associate at Schulman, Treem, Kaminkow, Gilden and Ravenell, P.A. in Baltimore.
Mr. Smith has tried hundreds of cases to verdict before a Judge or Jury. He is "legal encyclopedia" who is widely respected and sought out by his peers. His present practice is concentrated in the field of criminal defense law and civil forfeiture.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Adam Habibi
Bethesda, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 12 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Divorce and Immigration
Florida Coastal School of Law
At the Law Office of Adam Habibi, P.C. we handle many US immigration cases on behalf of clients throughout the United States and from around the world.
Our mission is to provide you with individual attention and professional service at every step on the path toward achieving your immigration goals. U.S. immigration law is extremely complex and the assistance of a professional guiding you throughout the process is absolutely essential.
We also offer affordable pricing and flat rates.
Since 2011 the Law Office of Adam Habibi, P.C., has served clients from Maryland, Virginia and Washington, D.C. Reaching innumerable successes in-Court and...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael A. Freedman
Glen Burnie, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 56 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Medical Malpractice, Personal Injury and Workers' Comp
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law and University of Maryland - College Park
Maryland based law firm Michael A. Freedman P.A., was established in 1983. With over thirty years of experience we pride ourselves in providing the Baltimore, Glen Burnie, Owings Mills and entire Maryland community with quality, personal and professional legal representation.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Patrick Shane Preller
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 25 years of experience
(410) 539-0042
16 South Frederick Street
3rd Floor
Baltimore, MD 21202
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
University of Baltimore School of Law
Patrick S. Preller is the managing partner of the firm with over twenty years of litigation experience in federal and state courts throughout the region. Mr. Preller is recognized as one of the most able trial lawyers in Maryland, and has enjoyed an extraordinary record of success. In 1998, Mr. Preller graduated with honors from the University of Baltimore School of Law where he served as an associate editor on Law Review. Following graduation, Mr. Preller clerked for the Honorable Maurice W. Baldwin on the Circuit Court of Maryland for Harford County. He then accepted an appointment as an...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Seth Okin
Timonium, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer
DUI & DWI and Criminal Defense
University of Baltimore School of Law
Seth R. Okin is a criminal attorney in Maryland with experience across a wide array of cases ranging from simple traffic charges to serious felonies. Mr. Okin prides himself on building a personalized defense for every person he represents, and is always fighting for the best possible outcome for his clients. Additionally, Mr. Okin is certified in family law and has taken on a number of pro bono cases. Okin is a member of the Maryland State Bar Association, the Baltimore County Bar Association, the Maryland Criminal Defense Attorney's Association, and the American Bar Association. Contact Seth Okin today to...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Jeremy Benjamin Widder
White Plains, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 14 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Traffic Tickets and White Collar Crime
Georgetown University Law Center
Since the moment I became a criminal defense attorney, I have dedicated my career to giving a voice to my clients and offering authentic and compassionate legal help. Other attorneys will try to intimidate you. I will work for you.
Working for a high volume criminal defense firm earlier in my career, I saw firsthand the kinds of cases that I was most passionate about. As I took on more criminal defense cases, I found my passion in being able to deliver solutions and peace of mind for my clients. With 9 years experience working as a prosecutor, I can...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jennifer Lester
Rockville, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 20 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Divorce and Real Estate
University of Baltimore School of Law
Jennifer Lester has been practicing law in Maryland since 2004. She represents individuals in family law matters, including custody matters and high asset divorce cases. In addition to family law, Ms. Lester represents individuals in minor criminal matters and small business concerns.
Ms. Lester represents clients throughout the State of Maryland, with a focus on Allegheny County, Carroll County, Frederick County, Garrett County, and Washington County.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Steven D. Silverman
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 33 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Appeals, Criminal Defense and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Sharareh B. Hoidra
Pikesville, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 11 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Immigration and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Chelsea M. Sadler
Elkton, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 13 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Family and Traffic Tickets
University of Baltimore School of Law
Chelsea M. Sadler opened the Law Office of Chelsea M. Sadler LLC in August of 2014. Located in Elkton, Maryland. She focuses in protecting Your Family & Your Legacy. She handles cases in both Cecil and Harford Counties. Prior to being in solo practice, Chelsea was a Law Clerk for the Honorable Richard Eli Jackson and Honorable Keith A. Baynes. During her time as a Law Clerk, she worked on various types of cases and worked with all of the sitting and visiting judges of the Circuit Court for Cecil County. Chelsea obtained her Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from West Virginia...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David Martella
Rockville, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 31 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Juvenile and Personal Injury
American University Washington College of Law
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Rene E.B. Tywang
Towson, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 15 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense and Family
University of Baltimore School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Davin Van Eyken
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 13 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Bankruptcy, Criminal Defense and Real Estate
American University Washington College of Law and North Carolina Central University School of Law
A Trustworthy, Honest, and Accessible Attorney who will help you through your legal problem.
It is important to plan ahead, and focus on what should be done to address the array of intertwining issues that will have an effect on your case. Davin will provide you with the information you need to know and advise you as to what you need to do to address the problems you may have.
"I go the extra mile in providing my experience, skills and personal commitment to each client. I deliver affordable and tangible solutions for your legal needs."
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Paul Tolzman
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 47 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Medical Malpractice, Personal Injury and Workers' Comp
University of Baltimore School of Law
One of Maryland’s “Super Lawyers,” Paul Tolzman received his Bachelor of Arts degree in History from Loyola University Maryland and earned his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Baltimore School of Law. He was admitted to practice before Maryland Courts in 1977. Mr. Tolzman is admitted to practice before the Supreme Court of the United States, is a member of the Maryland State Bar Association, the Maryland Association for Justice, and the Maryland Criminal Defense Attorneys Association. He has also been recognized as one of the country’s “Top 100 Trial Lawyers”, a “Top Lawyer in Maryland”, and in 2015,...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jamon Brandon Wiggs
Largo, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 20 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense and Traffic Tickets
University of Baltimore School of Law
I am an experienced and dedicated attorney at The Wiggs Law Group. I deliver tough, smart counsel to clients with criminal defense or personal injury needs. My practice areas include criminal defense, personal injury, and also drunk driving, motor vehicle accidents, and traffic tickets. I am passionate about securing justice for the people I represent. I am committed to fighting for my clients' rights.
I have a B.A. in Psychology from Hampton University and a M.B.A. from the University of Baltimore. I earned my J.D. from the University of Baltimore School of Law. I am a member of Prince Georges...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Mandeep Singh Chhabra
Annapolis, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 24 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
University of Maryland - Baltimore
Mandeep S. Chhabra is the managing member of Cochran and Chhabra, LLC. He practices criminal defense and plaintiff’s personal injury law in the state of Maryland.
Mr. Chhabra’s interest in law dates to his freshman year in high school. He decided then that practicing as a civil litigator and criminal defense attorney would be his future. He believes growing up as a minority in Maryland and his Bachelor of Arts in Psychology allow him to better understand many of the underlying issues his clients endure. The sincere empathy Mr. Chhabra feels for his clients fosters a strong attorney-client...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Omid Azari
Laurel, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 14 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
Appalachian School of Law and University of Maryland - Baltimore
I take great pride in helping individuals throughout Maryland with legal issues such as being charged with a crime, or being injured in an accident. Every case I undertake becomes a personal challenge to me, and because of my perfectionist personality I put 100% of my effort into reaching the best possible outcome for each case.
Claimed Lawyer Profile
David Moyse
Annapolis, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense and Domestic Violence
The Catholic University of America Columbus School of Law
Rockville Criminal defense lawyer David H. Moyse began his legal career as an associate for a personal injury law firm, collaborating on several six-figure settlements and lengthy civil trials. Since forming Jezic & Moyse, LLC as a founding partner, he has been part of a team of lawyers who successfully settled a District of Columbia medical case for a high seven-figure amount As a Rockville criminal lawyer, David Moyse obtained a complete acquittal from a jury in a high-profile First Degree Rape in Montgomery County in July, 2010. In January of 2010, Mr. Moyse and Mr. Jezic, in a...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Eric Bacaj
Baltimore, MD DUI & DWI Attorney
DUI & DWI, Appeals, Business and Criminal Defense
The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Francis Jones
Upper Marlboro, MD DUI & DWI Attorney with 37 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Medical Malpractice and Personal Injury
George Mason University School of Law
Attorney Frank R. Jones is a partner at the firm of Sasscer, Clagett & Bucher.
Mr. Jones has successfully developed a practice concentrating in motor vehicle accidents and other complex personal injury litigation, criminal defense including DUI/DWI cases, insurance defense, utility defense, civil litigation, and medical malpractice.
In the criminal area, he’s an experienced defender of those accused of minor misdemeanors to major felonies, including homicide.
In civil litigation, he has had extensive experience in personal injury litigation, medical malpractice, fraudulent claims, and special investigations.
Mr. Jones is known by his colleagues as a sharp and gifted cross-examiner. He litigates a...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Mr. Jason William Cleckner
College Park, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Domestic Violence and Traffic Tickets
Syracuse University College of Law
Mr. Cleckner practices exclusively in the areas of criminal defense, traffic defense, and peace and protective order defense. He has never done anything else. Therefore, he focuses all of his extensive court experience on your case to get the best possible outcome. His wife Melanie handles all of the firm's domestic, family and divorce matters.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jenna L Forman Clothier
Glen Burnie, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 9 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Family and Immigration
University of Baltimore School of Law
Jenna Forman Clothier worked as a law clerk for The Law Office of Alan S. Forman, LLC while attending law school in the evening at the University of Baltimore School of Law. Upon admission to the Bar in Maryland in December 2014, Jenna continued to work at The Law Office of Alan S. Forman as an Associate. Jenna was admitted to the Maryland Bar in December 2014. Her practice includes family law, adoption, and immigration. In 2005, Jenna graduated from the School of Hotel Administration at Cornell University with a Bachelor of Science. She continued...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Gill Cochran
Annapolis, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 54 years of experience
DUI & DWI, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
University of Maryland - Baltimore and Yale Law School
Gill Cochran is the senior member of Cochran and Chhabra, LLC. He founded the practice after working with the public defender’s office for seven years. Mr. Cochran primarily focuses on criminal defense and serious traffic matters.
Mr. Cochran served as a rifle platoon leader in Vietnam. During his time in combat, he decided that practicing law was much more fun. Mr. Cochran is a recovering alcoholic. He believes it allows him to understand the issues surrounding addiction, which then enables him to know the whole client and find a better solution.
Mr. Cochran is also an amateur magician, and he...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
C. Sei-Hee Arii
Rockville, MD DUI & DWI Lawyer with 24 years of experience
(240) 621-0007
401 East Jefferson Street
Suite 208
Rockville, MD 20850
Free ConsultationDUI & DWI, Criminal Defense and Personal Injury
American University Washington College of Law
"Sei-Hee Arii: one in a million attorney; once in a lifetime individual"
"Her knowledge, expertise and professionalism saved my life."
My promise to you: I will look after your best interest; treat you like the individual that you are; and I will fight... for you.
I have successfully litigated criminal, serious traffic (DUI/DWI), and civil cases for over 20 years. From 2013 to 2024, I received AVVO's Superb 10.0 rating and its Clients' Choice Award. I am AV Rated by Martindale-Hubbell, which is the highest level of professional excellence at which a firm can be ranked by its peers, and am a recipient...